Update JS and PY deps, misc tweaks (#33903)

- Update all updateable dependencies
- Add a few more unupgradable ones to updates blocklist
- Adapt to breaking changes
- Update to typescript 5.8, enable `erasableSyntaxOnly` which
necessitated a change because of forbidden syntax
- Misc cleanups
- Tested htmx, easymde, swagger, chart.js

webpack.config.js

@@ -249,7 +249,6 @@ export default {
       },
       override: {
         'khroma@*': {licenseName: 'MIT'}, // https://github.com/fabiospampinato/khroma/pull/33
-        'idiomorph@0.3.0': {licenseName: 'BSD-2-Clause'}, // https://github.com/bigskysoftware/idiomorph/pull/37
       },
       emitError: true,
       allow: '(Apache-2.0 OR 0BSD OR BSD-2-Clause OR BSD-3-Clause OR MIT OR ISC OR CPAL-1.0 OR Unlicense OR EPL-1.0 OR EPL-2.0)',